Lagos is the largest city in Nigeria, with over 20 million people living in its beautiful and dynamic atmosphere. Lagos has a magnetic quality, and it is a hub of immense commercial and cultural activity. The city is incredibly fast-paced, energetic and diverse. However, like any modern city, Lagos is not without its challenges, and one of the greatest threats to living there is the health hazards that residents face daily. With a bustling population, inadequate infrastructure and healthcare system, coupled with environmental factors, Lagos poses significant health hazards that residents are constantly exposed to.
Water Pollution
Water pollution is one of the most significant health hazards in Lagos. The city has three major water sources: the Lagos Lagoon, Ogun River and Yewa River. The water from these sources is often contaminated with chemicals, debris and other pollutants. The source of water is not always properly treated, and it ends up being transported to households without adequate sanitation.
Due to the lack of proper water treatment plants in Lagos, most people rely on boreholes and well water for their daily activities. These water sources, which are not regularly tested, lack essential minerals and are often contaminated with dangerous pathogens like cholera, typhoid and E. coli, among others. Several residents of Lagos suffer from infections and diseases caused by these water sources.
Air Pollution
Air pollution is another significant health hazard in Lagos due to constant traffic congestion, gas flaring, and noisy generators. The rapid industrialization of the city has led to an increase in air pollution, which has become a significant concern regarding respiratory diseases, allergic reactions, eye irritations, and more.
A considerable number of people in Lagos live very close to major highways and industrial areas, which expose them to hazardous pollutants emitted from vehicular exhausts and industrial activities. High levels of air pollution compromise the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to respiratory diseases and other health conditions.
Infectious Diseases
Lagos has its fair share of infectious diseases, including cholera, malaria, and dengue fever. These diseases are rampant in the city, as the infrastructure and healthcare system are inadequate to contain their prevalence.
Malaria is the most common infectious disease in Lagos, with about 300,000 reported cases annually. The disease is transmitted by mosquito bites, and the majority of residents do not have mosquito nets or other preventive measures to avoid contact with the insects. Cholera is another common infectious disease in Lagos, mostly due to the lack of access to potable water.
Waste Management
A chronic problem in Lagos is the improper disposal of waste. Many streets and neighborhoods are littered with garbage and refuse generated from households, businesses, and industries. The waste is often left uncollected, leading to the breeding of flies and other disease-causing organisms, thus exposing residents to various health hazards.
The improper disposal of toxic waste from industrial activities also constitutes significant environmental degradation and health hazards. The smoke from burning plastic products and indiscriminate disposal of oil waste, fertilizers, and chemical products poses serious health risks for individuals who live near such locations.
In conclusion, while Lagos may be a dynamic and robust city, it also has various health hazards that residents face daily. The infrastructural deficiencies, inadequate healthcare systems, and environmental factors pose significant threats to the health of people who reside in the city. The government must take steps to address these issues by implementing policies to reduce water and air pollution, controlling industrial activities and disposing of waste properly. As individuals, we can take preventive measures to safeguard our health by boiling drinking water, using mosquito nets, and practicing good hygiene. With concerted efforts from both the government and the people, these health hazards can be significantly reduced, and Lagos can become a healthier city for its residents.
