Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that affects the ovaries, which are part of the female reproductive system. It’s the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, and unfortunately, it often goes undetected until it has spread to other parts of the body. Here’s what you need to know about the causes, signs, and prevention of ovarian cancer:
Causes of Ovarian Cancer
The exact cause of ovarian cancer is not known, but there are several risk factors that can increase your chances of developing the disease. These include:
Age- It is more common in women over the age of 50.
Family history – if you have a family history of ovarian cancer, you’re at a higher risk of developing the disease.
Genetic mutations – certain gene mutations, such as those in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, can increase your risk of ovarian cancer.
Hormone therapy – some studies have suggested that long-term use of hormone therapy after menopause may increase your risk.
Signs of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is often called the “silent killer” because it can be difficult to detect in its early stages. However, there are some signs and symptoms that you should be aware of, including:
- Abdominal bloating or swelling
- Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhoea
- Pelvic pain or discomfort
- Feeling full quickly when eating
- Urinary urgency or frequency
- Fatigue or weakness
Prevention
While there is no surefire way to prevent it, there are some steps you can take to lower your risk:
Oral contraceptives – using birth control pills for several years can significantly reduce your risk.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding – women who have had children and/or breastfed children, are at a lower risk.
Healthy lifestyle – maintaining a healthy weight, getting regular exercise, and eating a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains may help reduce your risk of ovarian cancer.
Genetic testing – if you have a family history of cancer, genetic testing may be recommended to determine if you carry any genetic mutations that increase your risk of the disease.
Regular check-ups – regular pelvic exams and other screening tests may help detect ovarian cancer in its early stages when it’s more treatable.
In conclusion, the causes of ovarian cancer are not fully understood. However, there are several risk factors that increase your chances of developing the disease. It’s important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of this illness, as well as to take steps to lower your risk, such as using birth control pills, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and getting regular check-ups. If you’re at a higher risk of it due to family history or genetic mutations, talk to your doctor about additional screening or prevention options.
